ALLOYS TYPES

Few elements in Nature can be used to create such a large number of alloys as aluminium.To improve mechanical characteristics it is necessary to add specific quantities of other elements. Pure aluminium is soft and pliable. The combination of these additives with the aluminium changes radically the mechanical characteristics, although maintaining some fundamental properties:
Low fusion temperature between 510 and 650°C
Low specific weight between 2.66 and 2.85 gr/cm3
High electrical and thermal conductivity, aluminium content greater than 95%
A large amount of metallic elements are soluble in aluminium, however copper (Cu), silicon (Si), magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn) are the elements used to create the main alloys. Each element modifies the characteristics of the aluminium, for example:
Series Specific
Magnesium Mechanical resistance for hardening and for aging.
Silicon Fluidity of the alloy in a liquid state, mechanical resistance for aging with magnesium, mechanical resistance.
Copper Fluidity of the alloy in a liquid state, mechanical resistance, for aging in combination with zinc and magnesium.
Zinc Mechanical resistance, in combination with copper and magnesium.
Manganese
Control, singularly or in combination, of recrystallization during heat treatments.
Chrome Control, singularly or in combination, of recrystallization during heat treatments.
Zirconium Control, singularly or in combination, of recrystallization during heat treatments.
Nickel Mechanical resistance when heated.
Lead Workability of the tool, together with/without bismuth.
Tin Workability of the tool, together with/without bismuth.
Titanium Refining of the grain of the casting.
Boron Refining of the grain of the casting.
The combination of these elements in different proportions creates the various alloys named "serie", series. The series 6000, among others, with its sub-series, is that which is mainly used by Alluminio Sammarinese in the production of extruded and worked products.
Series Specific
6000 SERIES The principal alloy elements are silicon and magnesium. These are heat treatment alloys; after heat treatment they obtain intermediate mechanical characteristics. They can be easily shaped, worked and welded.
6060 SERIES In response to the greater flexibility requested by clients, Alluminio Sammarinese in collaboration with its suppliers, has identified some sub-classifications of the aluminium alloy EN AW 6060. Variations of the proportions of magnesium-silicon can give the final product higher mechanical resistance or higher workability, so that Alluminio Sammarinese production can fulfill any customer requirement.
1000 SERIES The alloys of this series are characterised by excellent resistance to corrosion and high electric and thermal conductivity. The main applications are for reflective objects, heat exchangers, electric conductors and capacitors as well as architectural applications. Actually this is not an alloy, but aluminium with various purity levels.
2000 SERIES The principal alloy element is copper. Their resistance to corrosion is not as high as other aluminium alloys. They are used for parts and structures that require high levels of resistance/weight.
3000 SERIES The main alloy element is manganese, this increases the mechanical resistance and reduces the vulnerability to corrosion.
4000 SERIES The principal alloy element is silicon, reducing the thermal expansion, this alloy is used in welding.
5000 SERIES The main alloy element is magnesium, that increases greatly the resistance to corrosion as well as conferring excellent workability and good welding properties. These characteristics are essential for the construction of aluminium structures.
7000 SERIES The principal alloy element is zinc. These are heat treatment alloys; these alloys obtain the highest mechanical characteristics of all the aluminium alloys, the zinc increases the resistance and hardness.
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